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An arbitrary quadrilateral thin flat laminate is mapped onto a square basic one, so that a unique macro-element is constructed for the whole plate.
Z-folding of an initially flat laminate (three-ply 0/45/0 plain weave) is studied by geometrically nonlinear finite element modeling.
The paper also shows that spring-in of angled laminates is sensitive to the measurement technique as the measured spring-in often is compounded by warpage of flat laminate sections.
However, current analysis methods and empirical databases for composite bonded joint design and composite bonded patch repair are limited to flat plate and/or flat laminate geometries, and the effects of curvature on the performance and durability of composite bonded joints and repairs is not known.
Similar(56)
Two types of composites; wet layup laminates and sandwich panels, and two lamination schedules; unidirectional and bidirectional, and two lamination geometries; U-laminate and flat laminates were evaluated.
These indicators look like rectangular and flat laminates with layers of paper and film.
Finally, the residual strength in CAI of tapered laminates is compared with equivalent flat laminates.
The developed finite strip is then applied to analyze the post-local-buckling behavior of thin flat laminates.
Despite this difference of behavior with flat laminates, the presence of ply drop-off has little effect on the residual strength in CAI.
Calculations were performed to show correlation with experimental data on flat laminates and curved beam elements and to illustrate the computational efficiency of the method for general analysis of composite materials with growing cracks.
Minimum fold radii of an initially flat laminates made of 94 gsm plain weave, and 200 gsm 2 × 2 twill are estimated using maximum strain and Tsai Wu failure criteria, and also measured experimentally.
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