Sentence examples for flat improper from inspiring English sources
Flat improper priors were used for all parameters.
In this study, we use flat improper hyperpriors on α, β and γ, that is, we utilize p ∝ const, p ∝ const, p ∝ const.
An improper flat prior was used for the baseline: p α0) ∞ 1, and a vague gamma prior for the spatial precision: τCAR ~Γ (0.01, 0.01).
An improper flat prior was used for the baseline [ p α0) ∞ 1] and vague gamma priors were used for the precisions: τCAR ~ Γ 0.01, 0.01) and τ ~ Γ (0.01, 0.01).
Parameters were estimated using a Markov chain Monte Carlo routine, with improper flat priors and the likelihood following from the definition of the hazard above derived using standard properties of survival analysis.
First, it is known that improper (or "flat") priors may lead to improper posterior distributions when the model contains non identifiabilities.
Although the flat prior is an improper prior, for all practical purposes it can be used in this scenario.
The motion adds: "Given defendant's flat assertion of his right to silence, the later questioning of him is improper".
However, it has been argued that even improper priors (aka non-informative) or weak priors (i.e. flat priors) contain information about the subjective certainty of the modeller, e.g. [55].
— the Improper Benefits bowl.
