Sentence examples for flat fitness from inspiring English sources

We argue that fitness of alternative strategies under a range of different demographic structures leads to flat, as opposed to rugged, landscapes and that these flat fitness surfaces are important in the evolution of lifespan and senescence.

We then explain when stochasticity matters in evolution, distinguishing four broad situations: stochasticity contributes to maladaptation or limits adaptation; it drives evolution on flat fitness landscapes (evolutionary freedom); it might promote jumps from one fitness peak to another (evolutionary revolutions); and it might shape the selection pressures themselves.

Driven by the clock- like evolution of many gene families, the view that a large number of substitutions are neutral or nearly neutral on a flat fitness landscape emerged ([ 9], see [ 10] for a review).

Legs were extended, elbows shoulder-widths apart, and forearms lay flat on a fitness mat.

The supporting forearm was placed flat on the fitness mat and the uninvolved arm was held akimbo.

In particular, we state and prove a theorem concerning the dynamics of population variance in the case of real-valued search spaces and a 'flat' fitness landscape.

It refers to long, narrow, meandering, yet flat, pathways through a fitness landscape which may lead to better points in a search space.

The simulations show that both in the case of flat and steep static fitness landscapes, competition and assortativity do exert a synergistic effect on speciation.

The simulations show that both in the case of flat and steep static fitness landscapes, recombination provides a high velocity of movement in the phenotypic space thus allowing recombinants to colonize the highest fitness regions earlier than non-recombinants that are often driven to extinction.

For very large mutation rates, the optimum fitness landscape is flat and has a single peak at type B.

Also discussed are the three canonical types of landscapes (rugged, single peak, and flat) as well as holey fitness landscapes that became the focus of much of recent work.