Sentence examples for fixed exposure model from inspiring English sources
Comparing these to the mean of bootstrapped ^βx,j derived using fixed exposure model parameters (i.e., λ⊇= 0) gives us an approximation of the bias induced by the classical-like error (step 3), and the empirical SD approximates the SE that accounts for both sources of measurement error (step 4).
Unless specified, all images are acquired with fixed exposures.
Random = random effects model; Fixed = fixed effects model.
Higher effect estimates were observed in the model with study/city used as fixed effect and/or when using the APMoSPHERE exposure model (see Supplemental Material, Table S6).
We first describe ordinary image exposure model.
For low-exposure groups, an RR (based on a fixed effects model) of 1.03 (95% CI=0.84 1.26) was estimated.
Cohort studies had a total score of 7-9 (scaletiof scale of 4, comparability scale of 0-2, and exposure scale of 3).>> The meta-analysis was performed using the fixed effects model (Fig. 2, 3, 4).
In fact, none of the exposure assessment methods used provides a true, individual-level measure of exposure to PM. Meta-estimates of lung cancer risk associated with both PM2.5 and PM10 from studies using fixed site monitors were slightly higher than those obtained from studies using advanced exposure modeling methods.
For experiment 3, the model included the fixed factors "exposure" (nestmate/non-nestmate odor), "remaining antenna" (exposed/non-exposed), "target worker" (nestmate/non-nestmate), and the random factor "replicate" (1, 2 or 3).
