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L-proline, a relevant energy source in trypanosomatids, is metabolized and converted into five intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g., citrate, isocitrate, malate, succinate and oxaloacetate) through its oxidation to glutamate in T. cruzi [4].
Previous work showed that L-proline was taken up from the extracellular environment through two active transporters [21] and converted into five intermediates of the Krebs cycle (e.g., citrate, isocitrate, malate, succinate and oxaloacetate), pyruvate and the amino acids glutamate and aspartate, which are rapidly metabolized [19].
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This study used HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS to differentiate and characterize twenty-six intermediates of the degradation process.
Two intermediates of apoptotic DNA degradation have been observed, with high molecular weight fragments (HMW, 50 300 kbp) temporally preceding those of low-molecular weight (LMW, ≥180 bp; [4]).
HPLC-ESI-qTOF analyses gave detailed insights into arginine metabolism by detecting six out of seven intermediates of arginine biosynthesis.
Moreover, we have shown that the serum concentrations of citrate, fumarate, and α-ketoglutarate, all three intermediates of mitochondrial metabolism, were elevated after induction of shock.
Six out of seven intermediates of arginine biosynthesis were found with the applied HPLC-ESI-qTOF method and the results provide new insights concerning metabolism within the arginine pathway.
In very deep wells, as many as five intermediate strings of progressively smaller-diameter casing may be used during the drilling process.
Moreover, it consists of nine intermediates and of eight distinct proteins that are encoded by eight genes, hisGDC NB HAF IE), with three of them (hisD, hisNB, and hisIE) coding for bifunctional enzymes (Alifano et al. 1996).
Half of these occur in glycolysis, and another five are intermediates of the pentose phosphate pathway.
NMR relaxation dispersion experiments on the five stable intermediates of the catalytic cycle showed that each intermediate samples higher energy "excited states", whose structural features resemble the preceding or following intermediates.
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