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Due to the discrete codon variables and nonlinear fitness expression of ΨICU, ICO is classified a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem.
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The inclusive fitness expressions in the present paper provide a more rigorous foundation for this claim.
Thus, we should also be able to recover known inclusive fitness expressions from Rm, but how we can do that is not a priori obvious.
In this study, we characterized the effects of gltA mutations on competitive fitness, mRNA expression levels, and enzyme activity.
Giaever et al. [ 18] and Birrell et al. [ 39] first observed the lack of correlation between fitness and expression profiling methods in a diversity of growth conditions.
To achieve robust fitness, the expression levels of some of the non-target genes were also fixed to either the on or off status, with consistency across individuals in the gene expression status.
However, the sudden loss of imprinted silencing might actually decrease fitness, as biallelic expression would raise the expression level above that of its former imprinted state, which is favorable to neither the matrigene nor the patrigene.
Thus, CRE can be considered as the key underlying latent variable that controls both fitness pleiotropy and expression variation resulting in their correlation, and fitness pleiotropy and gene expression are independent when CRE is controlled.
Social interactions are ubiquitous and often strongly influence both fitness and trait expression [1] [3].
Based on this result, we next asked what biological mechanism underlies the correlation between fitness pleiotropy and expression variation.
To study the effects of chromatin regulation on fitness pleiotropy, the expression compendium of chromatin regulators assembled previously, was used [23].
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