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the genetic origin of variation within a population (random mutations) and. the relative nature of fitness (dependent on phenotypes and the environment).
To examine the determinants of health predictors of changes for these outcomes, a multivariate linear regression model was performed for each of the health-related musculoskeletal fitness dependent variables and the overall summary measure of the SF 36 scales.
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More recent studies have identified the relevant effect of fitness-dependent mutation rates [ 16] and the dependence of the effect of mutations on the environment where they occur [ 17].
Memory levels are fitness-dependent and confer viral population preparedness to confront intermittent selective constraints.
For this work, the non-uniform self-adaptation mutation, which is a fitness-dependent mutation rate, is utilized.
A fitness-dependent choice of the offspring population size provably reduces the expected runtime further to linear in the dimension.
On the other hand, if most but not all of N mutants have lower fitness than the parent clone, one of these mutants can be selected by chance as only a limited number of cells are chosen at random after fitness-dependent growth.
Thus only females gain fitness as described in the main text and only female death and reproduction is fitness-dependent.
If poor condition results from pre-existing deleterious mutations, the result is "fitness-dependent mutation rate," which has interesting theoretical implications.
These differences emerge when clonal and sexual populations are examined separately, but will be more pronounced in mixed populations undergoing fitness-dependent selection.
Model dynamics proceed in discrete time steps in which five processes occur consecutively: (1) interactions among individuals in a group, which determine individual fitness, (2) fitness-dependent death, (3) fitness-dependent asexual reproduction including mutation, (4) individual migration and (5) splitting of groups that exceed maximum size.
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