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Recent studies have highlighted the importance of interactions between the mitochondrial and nuclear compartments, particularly for fitness (amount of available energy [16], [17]), in all biological models.
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They insist that there is nothing sexual about pole fitness: "The amount of callouses on our hands and bruises on our legs are definitely not sexy!" Both Abi and Isabel were outraged to hear that the pole society at Swansea University was banned last year for being "sexual" and "restricted to women only".
Then individuals can punish any other individual reducing their fitness an amount p at a cost k.
However, the detrimental effect of overweight/obesity on mortality risk disappeared or was significantly reduced after adjustment for a number of confounding variables, including fitness and amount of exercise (18).
There is a large variation in the individual responses to cold due to factors such as body size, fitness level, amount of subcutaneous fat and sex (Gordon 2001; Gordon et al. 2003).
A major unknown factor in constructing realistic models of viral evolution is how mutations affect fitness, which amounts to unveiling the nature of viral fitness landscapes.
In order to test the effect of absolute density upon fitness, smaller amounts of the same competitors were inoculated into new medium, resulting in either 4- or 16-fold lower initial cell densities (but at the same relative frequencies).
Aerobic capacity is a measure of aerobic fitness – the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can use during exercise.
In contrast, physical fitness is the amount of acquired physical attributes a person possesses.
where is the nectar amount (fitness) of the food source (solution) and is the total number of food sources.
Figure 1b shows overall fitness against the amount of health behavior the individual performs, for a representative value of α.
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