For comparison of the methods, we defined 'efficiency' as the proportion of assigned fish of the total number of samples and 'accuracy' as the proportion of correctly assigned fish out of all assigned fish.
Fried fish contributed to 44% of total fish consumption, followed by canned fish at 33.5% and fresh fish at 22.4%.
The Rotterdam study reported positive associations with total and lean fish (accounting for 81% of total fish consumption), but not with fatty fish or with long-chain n-3 fatty acids (29).
Fish mortality was below 7% of total fish abundance except for the low resource enclosure with 5 fish m−3 where 16.7% of the added fish died.
We examined the rate of overall mortality, as well as mortality from ischaemic heart disease and cancer in relation to the intake of total fish, lean fish, and fatty fish in a large prospective cohort including ten European countries.
EPA and DHA are present mainly in fatty fish, which might indicate that it is also important to pay attention to the type of fish that is eaten instead of total fish intake alone.
The readily available and easy to collect tissue in fish is blood: 97% of total fish blood comprises of RBCs.
Grass carp smaller than 3 cm (total length) is carnivorous, fish of 3-5.5 cm (total length) is at the food transition stage from zooplankton or benthos to aquatic macrophytes, whereas fish lager than 5.5 cm (total length) is herbivorous [ 10].
In order to measure gene expression in individual fish; 4 µg of total RNA was taken from individual brain samples to synthesize cDNA with SuperScript III RNase Transcriptase (Invitrogen) and oligo-dT primer (Promega).
