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Natural products have been a rich source of drug discovery, Theophylline and Methylxanthine originated from tea leaves used for asthma treatment, whereas, Papaverine, a natural isoquinolein originated from Papaver somniferum traditionally used in impotency, altogether as caffeine where firstly described as PDE-inhibiting compounds.
CGRP was firstly described as a splice product of the calcitonin gene in two well-recognized papers by Amara et al. [2] and Rosenfeld et al. [41].
Acute central sensitization phenomena were firstly described as a development of migraine aura [50] and allodynia has been confirmed a usual symptom in this type of migraine [28].
Hakai was firstly described as a RING finger-type E3 ubiquitin-ligase for the E-cadherin complex [ 3].
Cholecystokinin (CCK) was firstly described as a gastrointestinal hormone, but immune cells express their receptors, suggesting a possible involvement of this peptide in pathophysiological processes.
CD244, also known as 2B4, was firstly described as an inhibitory receptor highly expressed on exhausted CD8+ T cells in line with PD-1 in chronic LCMV infection and chronic HBV infection in mice.
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Ultrasound B-mode aspects of lower limb enthesitis of AS was firstly described by Lehtinen et al. [ 10] in 1994, and in 2003 Balint et al. developped a ultrasound scoring system designed to assess five entheseal sites in the lower limb (GUESS) [ 18].
Germline adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations were firstly described in 1991 1, 2 as causing FAP with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
As firstly described, bone marrow-derived human MSC (BM-hMSC) still represent the most frequently investigated hMSC population to compare their properties to those of other tissue-originating hMSC populations [ 1].
This is possible because, as firstly described by DeGrado et al., the uptake of the tracer in malignant lesions occurs promptly, whereas radioactive urine in the urinary bladder appears later (approximately 5 8 min. p.i). [ 31].
In addition, a group of tumors formed by PEC proliferation has been recognized as PEComas, firstly described by Bonetti and colleagues in 1992 [1] and currently recognized by the World Health Organization [4].
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