Sentence examples for first layer of surface from inspiring English sources

We carried out the deposition of a self-assembled monolayer on the waveguide as first layer of surface functionalisation using antibody to make the sensor the selective to E. coli.

Hamada et al.[10] pointed out that the most stable site for VOs is the topmost surface for pristine LFO and the subsurface (LaO layer) O site for Pd located in the first layer of the LFO surface.

Thus, Mg2+ readily attaches to the first layer of the {001} surface but less so within the deeper layers.

This indicates that Pd preferentially stays at the first layer of the LFO surface than the bulk position to some extent.

Furthermore, Fig. 10 shows greatly reduced diffusion coefficients of the water molecules near the mineral surfaces, indicating that these first layers of the surface water film are tightly adsorbed.

In their calculations, the bond length between the first layer of water and the exposed surface Fe3+ atom were found to be very long (>2.3 Å); the adjacent water only weakly interacting with the surface Fe3+.

Chemical mechanism acts only for the first layer of analyte in direct contact with metallic surface, when charge transfer between surface and adsorbate molecule can occur.

The first layer of the controller calculates the stable surface boundaries for the given traffic demands and then determines the bounds of control input (split rate).

In the alumina, however, the plastically deformed region only extends to a maximum depth of ~4 μm and is contained within the first layer of grains adjacent to the groove surface.

An additional piece of evidence comes from low resolution neutron diffraction, where 72% of RNA was observed to be in the first layer of density along the inner capsid surface of the T = 1 STNV, again suggesting that much of the T = 1 viral genome is closely interacting with the protein (Bentley et al., 1987).

It is well known because it is a biologically important integument on the tooth surface as it constitutes the interface between the enamel surface and the first layer of oral biofilm.