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Alternatively, it is possible that Ephialtes' reforms in that area involved a mere transfer of "first-instance" jurisdiction (i.e., jurisdiction over cases other than those on appeal) from the Areopagus to the Council of Five Hundred.
The challenge of the Land Court as the court of first instance regardless of the pecuniary jurisdiction, only depends on the mercies of the ward tribunals.
At the second level is the provincial court, which consists of a three-judge panel that hears all cases and that functions as a court of appeal for the tribunals and for the administrative jurisdictions of the first instance.
In 1660 the Convention Parliament claimed for itself the right of appellate jurisdiction over equity matters, and also the right of original jurisdiction to hear equity cases at first instance.
These courts of general jurisdiction include district tribunals, tribunals of the first instance, courts of appeal, and the Court of Cassation; the latter is the highest court of appeal and has the power to override the rulings of lower courts.
Unusually he had extensive experience of sitting both at first instance and on second-tier appeals in both the social security and tax jurisdictions.
In the first instance, the court will have to decide whether potential crimes may have been committed and whether those alleged crimes meet the level of seriousness to come under the court's jurisdiction.
From the Ministry of Finance, in the first instance.
In the first instance, inventories increase.
But that wasn't the first instance.
This isn't the first instance.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com