The judiciary consists of courts of the first instance, courts of appeal, courts of cassation, and a Court of Justice that handles cases affecting state security.
Below these are courts of first instance, courts of judicial proceedings (which do not pass sentences), penal courts, and municipal courts.
Official data from 2010 shows that the average acquittal rate in first instance courts was 0.2 percent, according to a report released last year by the Council of Europe.
These courts of general jurisdiction include district tribunals, tribunals of the first instance, courts of appeal, and the Court of Cassation; the latter is the highest court of appeal and has the power to override the rulings of lower courts.
Each category includes first instance courts and high courts.
New specialist first instance courts will be established comprising general, criminal, personal status, commercial and labor courts.
A decision of second instance court is final and enforceable.
The emirate's judicial courts comprise the Court of First Instance, the Court of Appeal, and the Court of Cassation.
These include the regional Court of Appeal, the Commercial Court, the Administrative Court, the Court of First Instance, the Court of Appeal of Commerce, and the Administrative Court of Appeal.
At present, there are two types of courts of first instance: general courts and summary courts dealing with lesser cases.
There are also civil, criminal, and commercial courts that are organized into courts of first instance, appeals courts, and a Supreme Court, which is chaired by the sultan.
