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Onc112 also decreased delivery rates of aa-tRNA in the first elongation cycle (Fig. S5).
From these measurements, the first elongation of ~15 % started at ~30 °C, and the major elongation (over 30%% at each temperature) occurred between 35 and 45 °C.
The two first elongation regions are dominated by a cooperative bond opening, in which each bond is influenced by its neighbor, whereas the third region can be described by individual bond opening, in which the bonds open and close randomly.
First, elongation and termination on the mRNA-like segment of tmRNA ensures the recycling of ribosomal subunits contributing to the maintenance of a healthy ribosomal pool.
First, elongation of an F-actin filament from the barbed end, when reaching resistive barrier, will generate force to push filament back.
The selectivity suffered mainly from incorporation into those primers that were substrates during the first elongation step.
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About ~70% of ribosomes are active in the second elongation cycle, which further decrease to ~30% in the eighth elongation cycle.
We mainly focused on the second elongation cycle of ribosomes programmed with mRNA MVF.
We found that, with Onc112, percentage of active ribosomes gradually decreases from ~70% in the second elongation cycle to ~30% in the eighth cycle.
Using mRNA MY6VF, we found similar behaviors that Onc112 increased rejection rate of cognate aa-tRNA at the eighth elongation cycle (Table S3).
The rate of aa-tRNA delivery in the second elongation cycle of ribosomes programmed with MVF, calculated from the delay time between injection of Cy3-F (defined as t = 0) and the appearance of steady Cy3 and FRET intensities (arrow 4 in Fig. 1E), markedly decreased from 12.6 ± 0.4 s−1(μmol/L)−1 to 3.5 ± 0.3 s−1(μmol/L)−1 in the presence of Onc112 (Fig. 1G).
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