Dr. Sears said the scientists could not duplicate in laboratory studies the earlier findings of harm, even with pollen piled on the leaves.
However, although selective reporting favouring significant beneficial outcomes may occur, one cannot assume that reporting bias is similarly focused on significant findings of harm.
The long-term effects of stimulants generally are unclear with one study finding benefit, another finding no benefit and a third finding evidence of harm.
Several subsequent reports confirmed the findings of Harms and colleagues, including a report from the University of Pennsylvania [ 11] that MRI changed management of 23% of patients scheduled for breast conserving therapy.
Fidelity said in a statement on Wednesday that the S.E.C. report "makes no finding of financial harm to our shareholders or our funds," but added, "we do recognize the seriousness of the misconduct found by the S.E.C".
The guidelines will deal with how the effect of a merger on competition in a market should be analysed, as well as with particular factors that could mitigate an initial finding of likely harm to competition—such as buyer power, ease of market entry, efficiencies, and the fact that the merger may be the only alternative to the demise of a firm.
"... Given the evidence of increasing overcrowding in the state system and its potentially dangerous consequences, which constitute the alleged threat to plaintiffs' eighth amendment rights, the district judge's finding of irreparable harm is not clearly erroneous.
The finding of greater harm from area deprivation for the health of men versus women seems perplexing because 1) women's well-being is generally more aligned with neighborhood social characteristics than is that of men and 2) the sphere of influence on women's health tends to be home and immediate environment, whereas for men it is the workplace (11, 55).
It was interesting that those who deemed the findings invalid by virtue of methodological flaws, and used this argument to refute the lack of benefit, could at the same time find the trial to have sufficient validity to support the finding of 'no harms' of screening.
Of the 14 citations referring to the trial's finding of 'no harms of screening,' one further elaborated, stating the importance of considering whether 'safety concerns' as conceptualized by MacMillan et al. "adequately captures the possible harm associated with screening for IPV" [ 47], p. 7. The 'no benefit of screening' finding was further elaborated in 34% of instances (n = 12 of 35 citations).
