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The haplotype data file was calculated using DnaSP 4.50.3 [ 40].

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The linkage rate between the population registry and Vital Statistics files was calculated using the number of records in the Vital Statistics registry file as the denominator (N in Figure 1) and the number of linked records as numerator (n in Figure 1).

Phylogenetic trees from an alignment of DNA sequences were constructed by calculating a distance matrix using the F84 model in DNAdist version 3.5 c, tree files were calculated using NEIGHBOR [ 39].

In total, 1,831,105 SNP and copy number markers were analyzed to construct canonical clustering positions and Log R ratio (LRR) and B allele frequency (BAF) from raw CEL files were calculated using PennCNV-Affy [ 27].

The relative expression of the 16 tested genes (see Additional file 4) was calculated using zebrafish elongation factor 1 alpha (ef1a) as a reference gene.

Finally, SD enrichment within regions where bins are part of all bundle data sets (obtained by intersection of all twelve data sets resulting from different filter criteria, see Additional file 3) was calculated using SDs with paralogs mapping intrachromosomal and genome-wide.

For the reproducibility comparison (Additional file 1), Pearson r was calculated using 2 replicate lanes corresponding to each sample represented in the QC pass and QC fail groups.

The primers for qRT-PCR are in Additional file 2. The relative expression was calculated using the equation relative quantification (RQ) = 2-ΔΔCT [ 21].

Sequences of these unigenes are listed in Additional file 7. Hybridization signal intensity was calculated using a GenePix 4000B (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) and the data were extracted using NimbleScan software (Roche NimbleGen).

For each file a global noise intensity level was calculated using the XCMS noise function on each scan.

A schematic representation of these cases and the minimal number of events required under either of the two hypotheses is shown in Additional file 1. ** P-value was calculated using 100,000 bootstrapped samples followed by Wilcoxon Test.

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