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Local strain fields were determined using digital image correlation techniques.
Mean velocity fields and vorticity fields were determined using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique.
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Mean velocity fields and vorticity fields are determined using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique, while freestream velocities are measured using hot-wires and Pitot tubes.
The stress and displacement fields are determined using the equilibrium conditions for forces and moments and the appropriate Airy stress function.
Numerical simulations are performed in a laboratory-scale two-dimensional configuration: a transient acoustic plane wave impacts the object and the diffracted fluid pressure, solid stress or velocity component fields are determined using a semi-analytical approach.
The cell number in 10 randomly chosen fields was determined using a light microscope.
The number of adherent bacteria in 20 randomly chosen microscope fields was determined using Image J software (version 1.41).
Ten electron micrographs from right atria per animal, chosen by systematic random sampling of squares, were taken at a final magnification of ×15 000 and the numerical density of granules/field, volume density of ANP-granules, mitochondrial and myofibrils and the diameter of all granules present in the field were determined, using a computerized program (Axio Vision, Zeiss).
The strain field was determined using a home-developed image correlation technique that has allowed us to determine all the strain components at each point of the specimen, even with a non-homogeneous strain field.
The pressure field is determined using a fast direct solution method of fourth-order accuracy.
Flow measurements are achieved with laser anemometry and the temperature field is determined using the cold wire technique.
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