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In the first stage of female selection, 150 of the 300 female candidates were selected at a young age based on a multi-trait index of GEBV.
This implies that genome-wide marker information is undervalued for selected populations and that genotyping un-phenotyped female selection candidates should be reconsidered.
Each year 10 sires and 100 dams were selected to produce the next generation of male and female selection candidates.
The cross with the most seed set, e.g., PV281 (female) (selection from ALB) × NFGA472 (male) (selection from NF-UGA), was selected to develop a three-generation and four-founder population (AL-NF).
While much of the empirical and theoretical literature about mate choice focuses on female selection of male traits, males appear to play the predominant role in selecting a mate among B. plicatilis populations.
Female selection however, has been shown to help increase genetic diversity among offspring.
Similar(23)
Because deleterious mutations will be exposed to selection on the Z-chromosome when being hemizygous in females, selection, in particular selective sweeps, may therefore favour reduced variation on the Z-chromosome leading to a balanced polymorphism [ 30].
Even with all-female selection lists female MPs only make up 33% of the Labour benches but this is more than double the Tories and nearly three times as many Lib Dems.
The notion that the male argus pheasant's exotic feather designs could have evolved from the females' selection of variations over time, he wrote, "seems as incredible, as that one of Raphael's Madonnas should have been formed by the selection of chance daubs of paint made by a long succession of young artists, no one of whom intended at first to draw the human figure".
As male promiscuity in this species is constrained by the low number of females, selection should favor those males that invest postzygotic towards existing offspring over mate seeking [40].
In females, selection favored large size in 2006 but intermediate size in 2007.
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