(Other e-mails had Mr. Valle saying things like "I have longed to butcher and cook female meat").
We recorded 262 male to female meat transfers.
Although hunting in chimpanzees is likely to be driven by the nutritional and social benefits that males gain by sharing meat amongst each other [6], [14], [16], our present results suggest that cases of male to female meat transfer in the Taï chimpanzee community are best explained by the meat-for-sex hypothesis.
To study the relationship between mating success and meat sharing we used GLMM [24] and set as the response variable the dyadic copulation frequency of each male-female dyad and as a predictor variable male-female meat sharing.
Understanding female choice and male-female meat sharing in species in which copulation frequency can be easily measured and dyadic transfers of meat can be directly quantified is likely to give us insight into the mechanisms driving the latter relationship in humans.
The meat-for-sex hypothesis is a plausible explanation for male-female meat-sharing in this species [7], as chimpanzees are highly promiscuous [9] [11], they have a certain degree of female choice [12], and hunters can usually control the sharing of their catch [6], [9].
For specific production lines, European retail companies demand exclusively female pork meat.
The NPN percentage of female camel meat was higher than male camel samples and was significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) in leg and neck cuts.
* Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age (continuous), education level (<high school or >high school), gender (male or female), total meat intake (continuous), smoking status (never, quit, or current), number of cigarettes per day (continuous), years of smoking (continuous), and year of admission (continuous).
Adjusted logistic models included age (continuous), education level (<high school or >high school), gender (male or female), total meat intake (continuous), smoking status (never, former, or current), number of cigarettes per day (continuous), years of smoking (continuous), and year of admission (continuous).
A previous study of one of our study groups demonstrated that high ranking males did not have priority access to estrous females or meat, and emphasized the importance of the quality of male-female relationships in male mating strategies [25].
