Population growth rates were calculated using female-based matrix models [ 6, 7, 10] calculated in Matlab Vers 7.1 [ 45].
We also estimated the heritability of the 213 traits examined using separate male and female kinship matrices constructed using the autosomal 60 K SNP genotype data (see Methods section).
To estimate λ we developed a three age-class (newborns, juveniles and adults) female-only matrix model, and estimated the matrix parameters by fitting the model predictions to the field total population estimates; we summed the three age classes and multiplied the result by two (guanacos have an approximately 50% sex-ratio).
Individuals were grouped in three age-classes: newborns, juveniles, and adults; for each year a female population transition matrix was constructed, and the population growth rate was estimated for each year as the matrix highest positive eigenvalue.
When tested in different climatic environments and climbing matrices, female frogs of all three species showed better climbing ability than that of male frogs.
For markers transmitted only through females, the selection matrix (Equation B1) reduces to S ˜ = S 1 ⊗ … S l, with S i containing only the female selection parameter σf, i, and the recombination matrix R ˜ = R 1 ⊗ … R l contains the crossover rates for females alone.
This groundbreaking study examines Muslim female superheroes within a matrix of Islamic theology, feminism, and contemporary political discourse.
But not before being named Trinity -- for the cemetery, for being the third coyote to turn up in Manhattan in the past 10 years and for the vulpine female character in "The Matrix," said the parks commissioner, Adrian Benepe.
After signing a record deal with The Island Def Jam Music Group, she became the female vocalist of the Matrix, a record production team that was working on an album.
We performed Mantel tests using Manteller software [ 51] and compared female and male CHC matrices based on Euclidean distances with a geographic distance matrix of 18 populations/species.
