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Similarly to the female database, a cross validation experiment was also performed by permuting the composition of the background, development and test databases, creating six permutations.
The rationale for using the white female database for all has been reported.
The International Society for Bone Densitometry and the International Osteoporosis Foundation now support the use of the white female database for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in men and women of various ethnic groups.
Using the female database means that fewer men will have osteoporosis, which is not congruent with the epidemiology of osteoporosis, but if DXA and the FRAX are both used, a large proportion of older men will be candidates for osteoporosis treatment.
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On both male and female databases under studio-clean conditions, substantial improvements from the least squares configuration relative to GMM-UBM baseline were observed.
The difference between the male and female databases is particularly dramatic here, leading to apparently very low T-scores in the radius or forearm, compared to spine or hip.
FVC results obtained were substantially poorer compared with FVC results from a GMM-UBM system based on the same 60 female speaker database, based on the same database allocation for background, development and test databases as the JFA or i-vector techniques.
The pooled values across the six permutations for C llr mean and 95% CI based on the different sparse representation regression solutions and scoring methods evaluated on the 60 female speaker database and 90 male speaker database under studio clean conditions are given in Figure 5 (top and bottom row, respectively).
These results for degraded and mismatched conditions were evaluated on the female speaker database solely as no degraded version of the male database was available.
The dictionary therefore had a total of n = 41 supervectors (one Φ suspect supervector and 40 Φ UBM supervectors) for the 60 female speaker database and n = 59 supervectors (one Φ suspect supervector and 58 Φ UBM supervectors) for the 90 male speaker database.
Tippett plots showing the actual LR distributions when H so (blue lines) and H do (red lines) are respectively true for different systems evaluated on the 60 female speaker database under studio-clean (top row), degraded mobile to landline (second row from top) and mismatched (third row from top) conditions and 90 male speaker database under studio-clean (bottom row) conditions.
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