Since biodiesel properties are not universal due to the variation in feedstock, methods for predicting biodiesel properties based on the five dominant fatty acid components are introduced.
In summary, for the autoclaved pretreated feedstock method (referred to as the AC method), in order to obtain comparable glucose concentrations, the AFEX-pretreated corn stover or switchgrass were added at 6%% (~19 % solids, adjusted for moisture content), to a 3-L vessel of Applikon ez-control bioreactor system (Applikon Biotechnology, Foster City, CA, USA).
Using gasification allows Coskata to use a wider variety of feedstocks; enzyme methods are tailored to work with only particular types of biomass.
It is clear that some feedstocks, or methods of preparing feedstock create a non-ideal substrate for pressurized (plug) screw feeder operation.
A study of the physical/mechanical and thermal characteristics of these complex wastes is important for two main reasons; (a) to inform the design and operation of pyrolysis systems to handle the characteristics of such waste; (b) to control/modify the characteristics of the waste to fit with existing EFW technologies via appropriate feedstock preparation methods.
A linear model of each chemical component was developed based on the feedstock, control method and their interaction, and evaluated using Tukey's HSD test based on 95%% confidence intervals (Agricolae package, version 1.2-1 [ 71]).
Even though these previous studies employ renewable feedstocks, the pretreatment methods lack process relevance as they typically employ batch, autoclave-type reactions with sulphuric acid.
As alkyl-arenes are important feedstock chemicals, synthetic methods more atom economical than traditional Friedel-Crafts and bond-coupling reactions are needed.
Additional research should address the effects of biochar feedstock and production methods, soil types, particle size, and saturation/drying cycles.
Different biomass feedstock and pretreatment methods generate hydrolysates with distinctive toxic compounds, but three major groups of toxic compounds are usually classified in general.
