We further demonstrate high-level production from lignocellulosic feedstocks derived from ionic-liquid treated switchgrass and sorghum, reaching 0.7 g/L in shake flasks.
However, peculiarities of the local petroleum industry have forced refiners to change the FCC process, first to adapt to increasingly heavier feedstocks derived from national crude oils, and subsequently to change the product slate to comply with market demand, requiring less motor gasoline, more diesel oil and light olefins for petrochemicals.
In addition, the ability of this bacterium to metabolize the C5 sugar xylose has also been previously reported [ 37], which makes this species a strong candidate for the metabolization of second generation feedstocks derived from biomass.
These carbon sources include the readily available sucrose from sugar cane juice [ 7] and the C5 sugar xylose that is abundant in second generation feedstocks derived from biomass [ 37].
Lignocellulosic biomass is an inexpensive, abundant, and underutilized renewable feedstock derived from a number of sources including agricultural and forestry residues, food and beverage processing wastes, municipal wastes, pulp and paper industry wastes, and dedicated energy crops.
The increasing demand for lignocellulosic feedstock derived from commodity crops, such as cotton plant and fiber wood crop, has prompted the need to prospect for alternative renewable resources, such as agricultural crop residues.
In addition, Xsp8 was completely and simultaneously able to utilize xylose and glucose present in a lignocellulosic feedstock derived from unbleached kraft hardwood pulp hydrolysate containing 70 g L-1 total sugars.
To make the stage II system fermenters comparable they were all fed from a large volume of stored leachate as feedstock derived from a phase I fermenter run with inoculum 6, which had the best usage of L. hyperborea VS in the single-stage system.
When feedstocks are derived from non-food crops for which a research gap remains to be filled, for example, jatropha or other tree crops, the situation has often been particularly challenging.
Those chemical feedstocks can be derived from agricultural and forestry residues, municipal solid waste, or from certain inedible energy grasses, such as miscanthus, or from rapidly grown plantation wood, such as poplar or willow, or from other coppiced wood.
Switching feedstock from naphtha, derived from oil, to ethane, derived from gas, has kept petrochemicals cheap even as oil prices have peaked.
