The cellulose utilization efficiencies determined that the CSTR AD fiber was a suitable biorefining feedstock compared to switchgrass and corn stover.
The HPIM samples showed higher density (HPIM 4.33 g/cm3 vs. TC 3.28 g/cm3 at 1000 °C) and lower average open porosity mainly as a result of the lower mass loading of organic additives in the feedstock compared to the tape casting slurry.
Operation at high solids concentration results in decreasing fractional conversion of the feedstock compared to operation at lower concentration.
This could be due to the higher lipids (32.8 %) in the yeast feedstock compared to 2.7%% lipids in the study by Valdez et al. [ 16].
Xylose monomer (XM) yields are statistically greater for deacetylated corn stover feedstocks when compared to non-deacetylated feedstocks.
When LM21 was used, the initial hemicelluloses fractions dilution needed was only 20 times, indicating a lower content of mannans polysaccharides for all six feedstocks when compared to xylans and arabinoxylans.
The compromise solution conversion facility site generated 63% higher feedstock cost compared to the cost minimizing location, while reducing soil erosion by 70 fold and diminishing GHG emissions by 27%.
Ricebran oil has been selected for our study as it is derived from agricultural waste which is abundantly available in most of the rice producing countries and has a significant potential as an alternative cost-effective feedstock when compared to those derived from cereal or seed sources like sunflower, soyabean, canola etc. [20, 21, 22, 23].
Higher organic content, lower ash content, and higher energy content make it an excellent feedstock for biofuel conversion compared to other biomass feedstocks such as lignocellulosic feedstocks, sewage sludge, animal manure, and municipal solid wastes [ 14, 31, 32].
Suggested use of waste agriculture streams in a bioenergy-based process can increase the productivity and sustainability of rural areas while providing a new feedstock that has significant advantages compared to first-generation biofuel feedstocks.
