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Incorporation of new feedstocks and technologies into the existing CPI infrastructure may require significant amounts of investments.
Defining the regional scope as one scale lower than a country [12]3 and a bioenergy production system as the combination of different feedstocks and technologies used to produce a particular bioenergy product (Fig. 1), they identified three regional contexts which have been used to frame regionally focused life cycle thinking.
Future feedstocks and technologies realise significant cost reductions with production costs ranging from $0.33 to $0.36 per litre.
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Bioenergy offers potential as a new revenue stream that is dependent on renewable energy policy as well as available feedstocks and technology developments (International Energy Agency 2009).
According to the feedstock and technology used, the biofuel technologies have been categorized as the first-, second-, third-, and fourth-generation biofuels.
A question not considered in the literature is the resulting impact that such technological developments in LC-bioethanol feedstocks and processing technologies will have on the structure of the supply chain.
As pilot plant studies for the second-generation biofuel (e.g., cellulosic biofuel) currently seek to determine the most viable feedstocks and processing technologies, it is an opportune time to formulate operations research (OR) models of the biofuel supply chain (SC) so they might be used to implement the technologies that prove to be most promising.
It is shown two scenarios for different conversion pathways as function of feedstock distribution and technologies for sugar, fuel ethanol, PHB, anthocyanins and electricity production.
Sustaining the development of advanced poplar feedstocks and processing technology for economically viable biofuel production within the EU will provide climate mitigation benefits within the technological, economic and environmental constraints that apply.
Polymers derived from nonpetrochemical sources are becoming more viable and economical as improvements in feedstock, processing, and technology are developed.
Biodiesel, a clean-burning alternative fuel, can be produced using different types of feedstock and processing technologies.
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