Maximum specific energy of inlet and outlet feeds was calculated using a developed computer model to identify the amount of recovered and remaining energy.
Ratios of NOAEL (and LOAEL), expressed as pesticide concentrations in feed, were calculated from subacute to subchronic, subchronic to chronic and subacute to chronic studies.
Crop NPP, primary (main crop) harvest C, and residue collected for feed were calculated as in Wolf et al. [2]; reported meat production is converted to Tg C from FAO reports [36] of total global meat production in 2011 (292 Tg of meat entering food supply) multiplied by conversion factors to estimate C content [2].
The detection limit in swine feed was calculated to be 0.008 mg/g and the recoveries were in the range of 97%–102%.
The VWC for feed was calculated based on the amount of feed consumed by an animal, water consumption in feed production, and slaughtering age (Chapagain and Hoekstra 2003).
The conversion for any given feed was calculated as (feed converted)/(feed fed), while the yield was based on a carbon equivalency, so for all feeds the yield = (carbon in product molecule)/(carbon fed).
The amount of the precipitated wax for one mole of oil feed is calculated as follows: begin{aligned}&{text{Precipitated}},{text{wax}},{text{weight}},% &quad = frac{{{text{Weight}},{text{of}},{text{precipitated}},{text{wax}}}}{{{text{Weight}},{text{of}},{text{oil}},{text{feed}}}} times 100.end{aligned} (13).
Then, the mean FAA during restricted feeding was calculated by averaging the FAA for all mice.
Use of feeding substitutes (tube feeding) was calculated per disease severity stage from the two databases.
Antimicrobial use in feed was calculated separately for each growth stage.
