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We hypothesise that successful generalists, such as the starling, compensate for feeding resource difficulties (poor quality of food, accessibility) in habitats such as urban ecosystems and that its behavioural flexibility allows for similar breeding performance in rural and urban areas.
All four types of situations were observed between chamois and ibex (mixing of herds when grazing: 80%, use of the same natural feeding resource: 94%, use of the same salt lick: 86% and use of the same resting places: 71%).
For ibex, three out of four types of interactions (use of the same natural feeding resource, of the same salt lick and of the same resting places) were more often observed with sheep plus goat than with cattle (p < 0.005).
The observations were less frequently reported between roe deer and red deer (mixing of herds when grazing: 50%, use of the same natural feeding resource: 78%, use of the same salt lick: 48%, use of the same resting places: 50%).
All types of interactions involving red deer were more frequently observed with cattle than other domestic species but the difference was statistically significant only for the use of the same natural feeding resource (p < 0.021).
The reproductive duties of the colony are dominated by a queen while the majority of individuals serve as functionally sterile workers that perform altruistic tasks such as larval feeding, resource foraging, nest maintenance and colony defence [ 8].
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The fruits of the holoparasitic mistletoe Tristerix aphyllus (a) is one of the few feeding resources for the Chilean mockingbird, Mimus thenca (b).
Land use changes affected beetle species composition by altering habitat structure (e.g., litter layer) and the availability of feeding resources.
The ability of animals to collect and use environmental information in fragmented landscapes may considerably decrease as the spatial scale at which they search for feeding resources increases.
In the dry season, the gray mouse lemur faces the challenge of exploiting sparsely distributed feeding resources efficiently.
Although none of the cases of infant-directed aggressions we observed took place during contest competition for feeding resources, the dietary overlap between spider monkeys and howler monkeys is considerably high in this forest fragment.
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