The optimal control problem is then solved in the time domain, in a state feedback sense, following the philosophy of adaptive critic neural networks.
The store performs complex feedback regulation, sensing its own capacity and responding to changes in the level of cytosolic calcium [7].
In our model, the VC and uv1 cells form two negative feedback loops sensing egg-laying behavior and feeding back onto HSN activity; however, they are different in their physiological activation mechanisms, and, when activated, differ in their kinetics of inhibiting HSN activity.
In addition, only a few feedback-sensing techniques, visual and force, can work at the micro-nanoscale.
In adaptive control welding, i.e., a closed loop system using feedback-sensing devices and adaptive control, there is a process control system that detects changes in welding conditions automatically with the aid of sensors and directs the equipment to take appropriate action.
One possibility is that feedback perturbations are detected by auditory neurons indirectly presynaptic to HVCX cells, and information from these feedback-sensing cells alters synapses on HVCX cells more gradually as a prelude to the AFP-mediated error correction processes that result in vocal plasticity.
We run simulations with M=4 targets and different velocity and decay parameters, using the proposed feedback algorithm for sensing rate adjustment.
As actuators, since the size change can be harnessed to perform useful work, a single hydrogel structure can function as a complete feedback system, simultaneously sensing and reacting to stimulus levels.
In the course of our analysis, we noticed that the expression of ZPAC gene is profoundly upregulated under the control of a positive autoregulatory feedback system for sensing cellular proteasome activity, compared with general proteasome assembly factors involving Ump1 (Fig. 6A).
Recent research suggests that the perception of actual hand trajectories is likely not derived from sensing force feedback, but is inferred from proprioceptive feedback [24], which implies that proprioceptive information plays a primary role in judging hand path trajectories.
