The aim of the present study was to examine the post-ruminal effects of feeding ruminants different concentrations of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) in low crude protein diets using the long-term rumen simulation method (Rusitec) followed by in vitro abomasum and ileum digestibility technique.
Feeding ruminants with dry hay before or during grazing as well as slow adaptation to bloat risk pastures is one of the safest bloat prevention methods [39, 41].
In Egypt, although there are about 30 million tons of agricultural by-products produced annually, only 4.15 million tons of crop residues are used for feeding ruminants (Ministry of Agriculture 2006).
In southern China, especially in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan Province, goats are the most common shelter-feeding ruminants.
To date, information regarding the effect of feeding ruminants with diet enriched high level of concentrate on epithelial structure in the hindgut is not available.
In spite of early evidence of the role of meat and bone meal (MBM) in transmission of the disease in the United Kingdom [ 1, 2] and the implementation of the ban on the use of MBM for feeding ruminants, the epidemic extended rapidly to most European countries.
The F.D.A.'s rules against feeding ruminant protein to ruminants make exceptions for "blood products" (even though they contain protein) and fat.
Both had been fed ruminant fetuses and stillborns from surrounding farms in an area where many bluetongue cases had been confirmed (2 ).
The first such policy was to ban feeding ruminant-derived meat and bone meal to ruminants, which was later extended to all farm animals, "the real feed ban" (http://www.cdc.gov/prions/bse/feed-ban.html).html
