A sign of a possible Confucian turn in the Tang was Li Ao's (died c. 844) essay "Returning to Nature" that foreshadowed features of Song (960 1279) Confucian thought.
Therefore, we predicted that features of song would correlate with estimates of personality.
There are at least three reasons to predict that features of song are parts of a behavioural syndrome, which could make them as potential signals of personality.
Two measures of phonological (spectral features of song; [13], [4], [14]) variability were obtained from SAP: similarity and accuracy scores, computed using asymmetric comparisons of time course.
Phonological and sequential features of song were collected in the same birds at 65d and 75d, two ages in late sensorimotor learning.
Our general prediction was that the song variables with personality component would correlate with exploration rate and fearfulness, and that the same features of song will be related to pairing success.
In birds with normal hearing, LMAN lesions do not significantly affect HVCX spine dynamics or spectral features of song.
This type of contingent DAF protocol is known to induce adaptive changes in the spectral features of song (Andalman and Fee, 2009 ; Warren et al., 2011 ).
Despite these advances, our basic understanding of the molecular components and key regulatory features of song-regulated gene programs are still relatively limited.
While the exact nature of this code is unclear, the available evidence suggests a hierarchical organization with: (a) pre-motor HVC-to-RA neurons that burst sparsely during each song motif, thus apparently linked to the tempo of song, projecting to (b) RA neurons that fire repeatedly throughout the song, but in synchrony with temporal and spectral features of song syllables [ 67].
