The skull of Triadobatrachus is frog-like, being broad with large eye sockets, but the fossil has features diverging from modern frogs.
Other features that diverge from the host, such as trypanothione-based protection from oxidative stress, mRNA trans-splicing, and purine auxotrophy, have also been the targets of drug discovery efforts.
Despite these conserved structures that unite the chordates, tunicates have several morphological features that diverge radically from their vertebrate cousins, including the adult body form, the absence of somites (see Glossary), hermaphroditic reproduction, and, curiously, the ability to synthesize cellulose (Kimura and Itoh, 1996; Matthysse et al., 2004; Nakashima et al., 2004).
# Analyzed: a reduced dataset due to removal of features on the X chromosome; Diverged: percent of features identified as diverged at P < 0.1 FDR; ID-50: %ID at which there is a 50% chance of a feature being identified as diverged; R2 (%ID/Hyb): R2 for the regression of %ID on hybridization ratio.
Marsupials provide an ideal model for the identification of conserved mammalian gene features since they diverged from mice and humans over 130 million years ago [ 36].
As can be seen in Figure 1, the proportion of features identified as diverged by aCGH increased dramatically from 97 %ID to 92 %ID, with the relationship between %ID and proportion identified as diverged plateauing at either extreme.
Fitting a logistic curve to these data, we estimated the limit of detectable sequence divergence as the %ID for which there is a 50% chance of a feature being called diverged by aCGH analysis (ID-50) [similar to power analysis techniques, e.g. [ 31]].
Though Chuvash is closely related to the Turkic languages and many scholars accordingly consider it to be Turkic, certain features suggest it early diverged from them, leading some to speak of a Chuvash-Turkic family, while yet others treat Chuvash as a separate that is, fourth branch of Altaic.
It is difficult to determine, however, the specific functional features that could have diverged between these two proteins.
The MMEJ repair pathway displays two diverging features from NHEJ; first is the use of 5 25 base pair (bp) microhomologous sequences during the alignment of the broken ends before religating them, and second is the slower kinetics of repair [15].
