In an outbred background, A-raf−/− mice survive to adulthood, but still feature defects in proprioception and abnormal movements.
In particular, the ZS cerebellum and cerebral cortex feature defects in neuronal migration that lead to pronounced disturbances in motor function (Evrard et al., 1978; Moser, 1996; Volpe and Adams, 1972).
Results show that these defects can easily be invisible, i.e., no presence of characteristic defect features like modulated contrast in high-resolution TEM images and streaks in diffraction patterns.
Multiple characterizations have been employed to determine the structure, morphology, surface feature, defect, and electronic structure of the obtained samples.
An acoustic device is used to evaluate internal features and defects within tubes by determination of the acoustic impulse response.
The techniques are critically evaluated using a custom built test rig, designed to simulate realistic tube features and defects such as constrictions, holes and corrosion.
The macro- and micro-structural features, weld defects, chemical composition and mechanical property of 3.2 mm weldments were assessed utilizing optical and scanning electron microscopes equipped with EDS analysis and microhardness tester.
However, large area graphene membrane, dominantly available through wet transfer and assistance of polymers, has inevitable features like defects, holes and cracks that could limit realistic prospects of industrial-scale production of desalination membranes.
Fatigue failure in the high-cycle and ultrahigh-cycle regimes is often dominated by the crack initiation processes, which are strongly influenced by the salient features and defects in the microstructure.
Having an extra chromosome can affect protein levels and lead to a variety of conditions; some children with the condition can have malformed facial features, heart defects and severe growth retardation, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
