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uORF length has been shown to be important; short open reading frames or those that have been translated more quickly favour translation reinitiation downstream [ 11, 78, 79], possibly by the remaining association of translation inititiation factors with the ribosome [ 80, 81].
Typically, PARS scores drop immediately upstream of the translation initiation site to favour translation initiation.
Biased codons likely favour translation if cognate tRNAs are more abundant [ 7, 23].
We assayed for the expression of eIF4E in the platelets of 12 AMM patients to see if reduced Mpl protein level could be due to its reduced translation owing to limiting levels of eIF4E, a translation initiation factor that could favour translation of weaker mRNA such as Mpl at higher amounts.
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For example, the 5′ end of the viral RNA has been proposed to undergo a conformational switch from a structure that favours translation to one that promotes packaging32.
At limiting levels it favours translation of stronger mRNA over the weaker mRNA.
Another noticeable point is how translation influences synonymous codon pair usage or why codon reuse favours translation efficiency.
We also assayed for the level of eIF4E, the translation initiation factor that under normal limiting level favours translation of strong mRNAs such as those of house keeping genes and at higher level, enhances the translation of weak mRNAs such as Mpl.
The 'ribosomal filter hypothesis' of Mauro and Edelman [ 51] proposes that particular combinations of ribosomal proteins or rRNA could favour the translation of specific mRNAs, thereby providing a mechanism for translational control.
"He was fashionable in the 70s when he was translated quite a bit … but then he fell out of favour in translation," he said.
In agreement with the high growth rate, L. lactis favoured the translation of specific functions required for optimal growth.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com