Pine trees are frequently a favored selection by many landscapers.
Temporal heterogeneity favors natural selection for generalist genotypes, while heterogeneity across sites favors selection for LA, assuming restricted gene flow (Kassen 2002).
In this paper, we use explicit population genetic models to show that costly policing is favored by selection among groups and opposed by selection within groups in proportion to relatedness among group members in the same manner as kin-selected altruism: although altruistic and enforced cooperation may be alternative mechanisms for group cohesion, they evolve by the same evolutionary process.
Moreover, current hatchery practices usually dictate that fry stocked at a given site are of uniform DI, which would largely negate local soft selection on DI and favor hard selection among stocking groups/sites.
Usually, when genes have been favored by selection, neighboring genes show much less variation among different individuals.
What kind of state-space structures are favored by selection?
Selection gradient analyses indicate that natural selection favored tadpoles with short, deep tail fins.
As temperature was raised incrementally from 31°C to 46.5°C over 500 generations of continuous culture, selection favored loss of the S. uvarum genome, although the kinetics of genome loss differed among independent replicates.
Clearly, if selection had favored the survival of the child, humans would wean later like other hominoids; selection, then, favored some trait other than the child's survival.
In this region, selection favored alleles from Kenya Swara.
Natural selection favors cooperation over cheating among members of a monkey group or honeybee colony, suggesting how, as Darwin (1871) argued, moral conclusions can emerge from empirical experience.
