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He said the rupture represented a "lurching" across the fault surface of about 50 feet.
Soon after the August 24th quake, geologists found that a block of crust deep beneath the flanks of Mt. Vettoretto had slid west down an adjacent fault surface.
In either case, the fault surface is all glide and no kick: it ought to be too slippery to generate a big earthquake.
In contrast, weakly corrugated areas occur adjacent to active plate bending faults where the megathrust has migrated up-section, forming a nascent fault surface.
Fault surface ruptures constitute a great risk to human lives, buildings and infrastructure.
The area around the fault surface exhibits high level of strain with high fracture density.
Accordingly, self-affinity implies that the fault surface appears smoother as the spatial scale increases.
One of the prerequisites is a strong fault surface — a plate boundary or rock fracture with a high coefficient of friction, like a skid-resistant pad under an area rug.
This can happen when opposing rock surfaces scrape against each other, because the resultant heat and pulverization act as a kind of lubricant, making the fault surface suddenly, fleetingly slick.
Because the only motion along these faults is the sliding of plates past each other, the horizontal direction along the fault surface must parallel the direction of plate motion.
Few building codes contains provisions fault surface ruptures and accompanying soil deformations which constitutes a great risk to human lives, buildings and infrastructure.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com