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Fault duration: 0.15 s.
First, quench characteristics of the Au/YBCO thin films were investigated for various faults having different fault duration.
The simulated fault profile consisting of amplitude range and fault duration time is configurable for single satellites separately.
The fault detection algorithm is based on the current observer, in which an adaptive threshold and different fault duration times are considered.
During the simulation, a three-phase fault happens at bus B, and the fault duration is 75 ms (four and a half cycles at 60 Hz) [17].
We select some of these, such as moment, max asperity moment, fault duration, rise time, stress drop, average slip, rupture area, and rupture velocity, to demonstrate coherency.
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In fact, the transient-fault durations become as important as the clock periods of synchronous circuits.
Case 1: A three-phase fault with duration of 0.05 s is applied at Bus 49 Case 2: A 0.15 p.u step disturbance with duration of 0.1 s is applied to the reference voltage of the exciter at G8.
A three-phase fault with duration of 0.05 s is applied at Bus 49.
Technology evolution and energy of particle impact both plays a major role in inducing multi-cycle transient fault (longer duration transient) in a device.
The proposed planning methodology uses a contingency-load-loss index (CLLI) for reliability evaluation, which is independent of the failure rate and fault repair duration of the feeder branches, which is difficult to obtain in practice.
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