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Early atherosclerosis (fatty streak formation) was significantly reduced (48%) only in PRBO, relative to the other two.
Navab, M. et al. The Yin and Yang of oxidation in the development of the fatty streak.
These experiments were designed to investigate possible mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effect of the physically refined rice bran oil and to examine its effect on aortic fatty streak formation.
Furthermore, fatty streak formation is significantly reduced in IL-4-/ mice [69].
These macrophages eventually transform into foam cells, the hallmark of the artery lesion of fatty streak.
The macrophages formed internalise the modified low density lipoprotein (LDL), become foam cells [62] and form what is known as a fatty streak [63].
Lesions from the diabetic ApoE−/− mice showed complex plaque anatomy with cholesterol clefts whereas lesions from age-matched non-diabetic ApoE−/− mice were at an earlier (fatty streak) stage.
Macrophages play an important role in modulating the immune function of the human body, while foam cells differentiated from macrophages with subsequent fatty streak formation play a key role in atherosclerosis.
Both cholesteryl ester-rich oily droplets and cholesterol-rich vesicles are found within the early fatty streak and lipid core, with cholesteryl esters more prominent in the fatty streak and advanced plaques [9][10].
After migrated to lesion region, monocytes are rapidly differentiated into macrophage which engulf lipids and form the fatty streak [4].
Interestingly, after only 4 weeks of Western-type diet feeding, T-0681 slightly increased the development of small fatty streak lesions in apoE KO mice.
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