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(C) Vegfa mRNA expression in PWAT at different fasting durations (n = 5-6 per group).
(D) Vegfa mRNA expression in PWAT at different fasting durations (n = 5-6 per group).
To measure actual and instructed preoperative fasting durations in women undergoing scheduled cesarean birth, to compare these times with national guidelines for healthy patients undergoing elective procedures, and to describe discomforts associated with preoperative fasting.
For example, some patients are given laxatives through a nasogastric tube, suffer severe diarrhea, or experience long fasting durations.
The fasting duration was 180 min as described previously28,29,30, with drinking water provided.
This indicates that ghrelin suppression does occur in obese individuals and occurs independent of the overnight fast duration.
Vegfa expression levels in WAT increase progressively with the fasting duration and the increase can be immediately reversed by refeeding (Figure 3D and 3E).
Together, the present study illustrates the role of IF-induced adipose-VEGF in remodeling the immunometabolic property of adipose tissue, highlighting the importance of eating pattern and physiological fasting duration to sustain metabolic homeostasis.
One reason for this might be the short fasting duration of only 4 h that was used to fulfill the regulations of the local authorities.
Self-reported fasting duration was recorded before sample collection.
Fasting duration was also collected from each participant.
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