Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in natural populations showing fast linkage disequilibrium decay have recently appeared as powerful tools to improve the resolution in localizing QTLs compared to mapping populations (Zhu et al. [2008]).
However, for the nine subpopulations, linkage disequilibrium decay between XI subpopulations varied more markedly, with XI-2 and XI-3 exhibiting faster linkage disequilibrium decay than XI-1A and XI-1B (Extended Data Fig. 3b).
We ordered SNPs on the pearl millet genetic map and observed much faster linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay in Senegalese landraces compared to global accessions.
Due to the effects of Ne on the level of linkage disequilibrium, a fast decay of linkage disequilibrium should be generally expected (reviewed in [ 40]), which in turn might preclude hitchhiking and ultimately the observation of genomic islands of divergence.
The UPLC step was performed with protonated solvents, thereby allowing deuterium to be replaced with hydrogen from side chains and the amino/carboxy terminus that exchange much faster than amide linkages [32].
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While the fluctuations of the glycosidic linkages are fast, the B ring is only slowly interconverting between its two forms, C4 and S o, and on a picosecond time scale exists in a particular conformation.
Many of these involutions occur in spheroid or cylindrical contexts, but few of these systems offer the analytical advantages of Volvox inversion, particularly type B, where the rolling bends are robust, fast, relatively free of complex linkages to other processes, and in a system that should be amendable to experimental manipulation and computational modeling.
Single or complete linkages are the fastest of the linkage methods.
The patterns of linkage disequilibrium showed fast decay over short genetic distances.
