Response surface methodology using the Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) model was used to optimize parameters for Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) remediation with shrimp and aquaculture farming waste (shrimp-shell and mussel byssus).
During the experiment, romaine lettuce grew rapidly and showed a positive response to nutrients derived from tilapia fish farming waste.
During lettuce cultivation, there was no addition of nutrients because the nutrients relied only from tilapia fish farming waste.
Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia) could grow without the addition of extra nutrients, and only comes from tilapia fish farming waste.
In most cases, the agricultural source is corn or sugarcane, but new technology is being developed to utilize forest and farming waste products as well as various types of fast-growing weeds and ground cover.
In the recirculation aquaponic system (RAS), fish farming waste was utilized as a nutrient for plant, minimizing the water need, reducing the waste disposal into the environment, and producing the fish and plant as well.
Industrial agriculture is additionally responsible for large-scale degradation through factory farming, waste lagoons, antibiotics and growth hormones, GMOs, monocultures, and prolific use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
A large portion of the street has been transferred from the automotive to the pedestrian realm and this newly transferred space is used for farming, waste management and small-scale public facilities.
