In many temperate agricultural areas, riparian forests have been converted to cultivated land, and only narrow strips of herbaceous vegetation now buffer many farm streams.
In addition, the establishment of poplar buffers, in replacement of non managed herbaceous buffers, could rapidly increase biomass C, N and P storage along farm streams, which would be beneficial for water quality protection and global change mitigation.
The situation in the study area could have differed from those of other studies as most of the single head households had additional off-farm livelihood streams.
For example, most of the single women in the area had additional off-farm income streams, including monthly stipends from a national social safety net programme.
But for greater, more "TV-like" video performance, content providers are farming out streaming to a handful of content-delivery specialists, ranging from large, publicly traded firms such as Akamai Technologies to boutiques including Limelight Networks and VitalStream.
However, those who largely relied on off-farm livelihood streams in Trans-Mara East, were receiving low wages, as most of them were engaged in poorly-paying ventures, including as casual labourers.
Forested riparian zones are known to reduce movement of nitrogen from farms into streams in temperate areas, but predictive models of nitrogen transport and transformations rely on hydrological understanding, which is limited in the humid tropics.
The cinematographer Haskell Wexler, who won an Academy Award (the best-picture Oscar went to "Rocky" that year), gives the film a caramel, sun-blasted grittiness perfectly suited to Guthrie's travels in the 30's and 40's among migrant farm laborers streaming from the Southwest dust bowl to the California fruit ranches.
Earlier, an assistant administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency determined that the environmental impact statement for the basin project was faulty and that the drilling would damage farming by making streams too salty for use in irrigation.
The pearls are farmed in rivers, streams and rice paddies.
