The genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of breast cancer have been extensively studied, but the proteomes of breast tumors are far less characterized.
As for somatic cells, apoptosis of damaged spermatogonia is controlled by the tumor suppressor p53, but its downstream apoptotic effector(s) remain far less characterized [1], [2].
The effects of phosphorylation at Ser-28 of histone H3 are far less characterized.
Our findings highlighted an intricate functional crosstalk between PRR and other events controlling genome stability, and evidenced that PRR is more complicated and still far less characterized than previously thought.
Although the mechanisms by which the eight carbon chain PFAAs interfere with mitochondrial bioenergetics are fairly well described, the activities of the more highly substituted or shorter chain PFAAs are far less well characterized.
While mass-enhancing lesions exhibit a typical kinetic behavior that is distinctive for malignant and benign lesions, non-mass-enhancing lesions have kinetic characteristics that are far less well characterized and of limited accuracy in discriminating between malignant and benign behavior[26].
The gene encoding P-cadherin (CDH3) is far less well characterized than is CDH1 (the gene that encodes E-cadherin), although they share 66% homology.
The biochemical alterations leading to many of the deleterious effects have been studied in neuronal cell lines; however, nonneuronal toxic effects of OP are far less well characterized in vitro [ 12, 14].
Virus-induced biochemical, cellular, molecular, and physiological changes have been well documented in infected host plants [ 13], but the responses of insect vectors to viruses are far less well characterized.
Moreover, albeit Actinobacteria, most prominently the genus Streptomyces, proved to be an extremely rich source of secondary metabolites [ 7,8 ], the potential of more 'exotic' and 'rare' actinobacterial taxa is less established [ 9,10,11] and similar considerations might also hold true for the large fraction of other far less well characterized bacterial taxa.
However, VUS continue to be uncovered, even for BRCA1/ 2. The increasing use of multi-gene panels and whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing will lead to higher rates of VUS detection because more genes are being tested, and most genomic loci have been far less intensively characterized than BRCA1/ 2. In this article, we draw attention to ethical and policy-related issues that will emerge.
