They suggested how the Kremlin's election-cooking recipe is likely to turn out: one of fake competition, conducted by candidates who are much less different than they try to seem.
The distinguished scientist, the government said, had faked research conducted at Jiaotong University and simply stolen his chip designs from a foreign company, then passed them off as his own.
Some groups have vowed to conduct fake "exit polls," videotape voters and use fake identity badges to pose as voting officials.
Mr. Machado said that he had used MTB accounts set up under fake names to conduct money transfers that seemed to legitimize the sales in metals.
The Justice Department accused Mr. Stanford of paying Mr. King thousands of dollars a month to conduct fake audits and file inaccurate reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission, which began investigating the bank in 2005.
The Justice Department said that while Mr. Stanford was defrauding about 30,000 investors of $7 billion, he was paying Mr. King thousands of dollars a month to conduct fake audits aimed at assuring the bank's investors, and American regulators, that its finances were sound.
The company has developed an authentication platform, aimed at making it impossible to use fake identification to conduct transactions over the internet.
The company has developed an authentication platform, aimed at making it impossible to use fake identification to conduct transactions over the internet.
Twitter has also been rooting out bots apparently linked to Russia, following the indictment of 13 Russians believed to have created fake accounts to conduct information warfare against the US.
Stone's group created an official-looking ID badge for its volunteers to wear, and its volunteers planned to videotape voters and conduct fake "exit polls," efforts that election experts say risks intimidating and confusing voters.
Texas financier R. Allen Stanford, accused of defrauding investors of $7 billion, paid Antigua's top bank regulator more than $100,000 to conduct fake audits and mislead U.S. investigators, according to an indictment unsealed Friday.
