"There are still important differences on a number of key issues, especially the overall size of the budget and the fairness of distributions between member states," José Manuel Barroso, the president of the European Commission, told reporters as the summit meeting broke up on Friday afternoon.
A distribution of goods is said to be "envy-free" when no one prefers anyone else's bundle of resources to her own.[23] The suggestion here is not that envy is the psychological motivation for the concern with equality, but rather that, where a distribution in fact produces envy, this is grounds to doubt the fairness of the distribution.
A key determinant of acceptability is the perceived fairness of the distribution of the costs and benefits of the intervention.
This paper gives an overview of the existing metrics, and demonstrates a number of shortcomings in the variety metric, such as not accounting for the fairness of the distribution of ideas over nodes on an abstraction level.
In order to show the fairness of traffic distribution on APs, we obtained the coefficient of variation (CV) in regard to the traffic loaded on the APs.
The intervention appears to be an overall success, with individuals reporting high levels of perceived fairness of payment distribution and a high proportion of individuals expressing overall net benefit.
Compared with random selection based fixed pricing incentive mechanism, the proposed mechanism not only reduces the incentive cost for retaining the same number of participants but also improves the fairness of incentive distribution and social welfare.
By focusing exclusively on the maximization of benefits, no matter the fairness of their distribution, utilitarian theory ignores other factors, such as claims of equity on behalf of worst off groups, that many people regard as highly relevant to just outcomes.
It should be noted that theories of markets do not classically concern themselves with problems in the fairness of the distribution of goods and services [ 4].
