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The failure shapes, torsional capacities, deformation capacities, rigidity attenuations and hysteresis behaviours of specimens were studied in detail.
Open image in new window Fig. 5 Failure shapes of specimens.
The buckling mode exhibits two main failure shapes, which can be observed in both experimental results and FEM results (Fig. 4a d).
Figures 6 and 7 show the failure shapes for all columns of groups No. 3 and No. 4. It can be noted that column bent in double curvature mode sustained higher load than the opponent column bent in single curvature mode.
Open image in new window Fig. 4 Pressure contours of Specimen BC-A. a t = 0.10 ms, b t = 0.20 ms, c t = 0.30 ms, d t = 0.50 ms. Figure 5 shows the failure shapes of all specimens at 200 ms (milliseconds).
Figure 5 depicts the failure shapes for all columns of group No. 2. Open image in new window Fig. 5 Final failure modes for all columns of group No. 2. For all columns bent in double curvature mode, failures were similar to the case of single curvature modes with unequal end eccentricities where all columns failed near the end support of the higher end eccentricity in flexural mode of failure.
Similar(53)
A calibrated cohesion weakening and frictional strengthening (CWFS) model with a constant dilation angle can capture the stress-induced brittle failure shape in hard rocks.
The failure shape for symmetrical anchor plates with embedment depth (L/D) of up to 4 is cylindrical despite variation in size, density, and reinforcement materials in reinforced and grid fixed reinforced anchor plates in sand when subjected to uplift loads.
Figure 6 shows the failure shape roughly.
Analysis results included failure shape, deflection, support rotation, and stress in reinforcement.
Open image in new window Fig. 6 Failure shape for shear anchor.
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