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Mr. Dinallo led a meeting with bankers last week to enlist their help in averting a downgrade or failure of bond insurers, including MBIA Inc. and the Ambac Financial Group, the two largest.
The failure of bond occurs when interface shear stress exceeds the maximum value.
Failure of bond is different for different concrete strengths, testing temperatures and loading rates.
This improvement of pull-out strength is attributed to the increased concrete compressive strength as the failure of bond occurred within the concrete substrate with minimal reduction in concrete thickness.
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However, various problems like failure of bonding or tearing of mucosa due to prominent attachment have remained consistent [2].
A new strength-fracture model is proposed for the formulation of decohesion elements, which are implemented in finite element models to predict failure of bonded joints.
Although there is currently no comprehensive theory of the inelasticity deformation of paper, there is consensus between paper physicists that the fracture strength of paper is governed by the failure of bonds.
The model can be used to predict failure of bonding on single bricks as well as bonding geometries with more than one brick where the bonding area is separated by bed or head joints.
After the failure of the adhesion bond, bond stress further increased with the increased slip.
Regardless of the bond length and surface treatment, most of specimens showed failure of the bond in the timber close to the bond-line.
Following the local debonding of externally bonded reinforcement and the concrete, the results mostly induces a total failure of the bond between the externally bonded reinforcement (Zilch et al. 2014).
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