For example, although structural adjustment programs (SAPs) have broadly been considered a failure, they have defined new rules of the game and practices resulting in better macroeconomic management, increased accountability and governance effectiveness.
The failure to find between-tactic differences in effectiveness raises the possibility that within-tactic differences in how and when a disciplinary tactic is used may be more important than which tactic is used.
This could lead to a decrease in effectiveness and potentially result in treatment failure.
This model did not include hospital readmissions or additional costs for subsequent events after baseline, for stroke, or congestive heart failure in the assessment of cost-effectiveness.
We aimed to study whether jugular venous distension (JVD) and peripheral edema were associated with worse outcomes in patients with acute heart failure in the Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure trial.
A change in the clinical pathway away from inpatient management of these stable obese patients with chronic respiratory failure will increase effectiveness in clinical management by optimising inpatient bed capacity in the local and regional respiratory centres.
This loss in effectiveness is called tolerance.
The results varied considerably in effectiveness.
Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment option for end stage renal failure in terms of mortality [ 1, 2], cost effectiveness [ 3], and improvement in quality of life [ 4].
