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Development accounting then compares the observed variation in GDP per worker across countries to the estimated counter-factual variation due to differences in measured factors of production only.
In addition to experiments forced by actual variations in sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, and atmospheric chemical composition (so-called Factual experiments); additional (Counterfactual) experiments are conducted in which the boundary forcings are adjusted by removing estimates of long-term climate change.
In its article on South Africa, it used much the same language as the edition prepared in London but with some factual and stylistic variations: International interest centered on the trial of nine members of the "national high command" of the National Committee of Liberation and the Spear of the Nation organizations, who were arrested in 1963.
species definition (living and fossil), reproductive isolation, speciation Fig. 1 Schematic representation of evolution as described in class as the consequence of the independent, factual, observable processes of replication, variation, and selection.
The method "unpacks" evolution into three observable, factual occurrences: replication (R, reproduction), variation (V, differences between parent and offspring and siblings), and selection (S, nonrandom differential survival of offspring).
Additionally, while the entry scores on factual understanding explained 35% of the variation in exit scores, the entry scores on the other two scales only explained ∼15% of the variation in their respective exit scores, meaning the two measurements were largely independent of each other.
One begins with a real factual experience, then by means of free variation one transforms it in imagination up to the point where it is no longer an object of the same type.
Our results do not prove that this is the case, but they add two very important factual observations: noise levels do differ between natural subpopulations, and this variation happens rather independently from one trait to another.
The level of factual understanding of co-morbid conditions was not examined within this study and variations in healthcare literacy among participants may limit these findings.
Also, other ways of testing the level of factual understanding of co-morbid conditions was not examined within this study and variations in healthcare literacy among participants may limit these findings.
Are religious claims factual?
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com