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The WEF, IMD, and Fraser all aggregate de facto data, such as survey questions on the flexibility of regulations, with de jure information, such as weeks of advance notice and severance pay, also adding aggregated indices of the World Bank and, in some instances, "hard" statistical data.
Ex post facto data from the case write-ups were analysed and reviewed.
Nowadays, RDF and SPARQL have been established as the de facto data model and query language for representing and accessing biomedical information, respectively.
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Many websites (e.g. NIST Webbook [1], ChemSpider [2], University of the West Indies Chemistry [3]) contain spectral files available in the current de-facto data standard, Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data Data Exchange format (JCAMP-DX) [4 7] and this format can be exported from the majority of instrument software available today.
> The domain of our target text is different from the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) portion of the Penn Treebank, which is the de facto standard data for parser training.
As such, the ex post facto PTA data presented lack early time (T) points (e. g., T0, T < 24 h, and T > 1 < 21) necessary to fully understand particle clearance.
In a sense our examples from WTCCC were not ideal, because that study was designed as a proof of concept with a smaller sample size than might normally be attained, and the participating groups had access to a larger number of samples that became the de facto replication data even if they were not originally intended as such.
Given that those self-same services were revealed to have become the de facto outsourced data-harvesting arms for state surveillance operations then locking down user data is now a political imperative for commercial entities concerned about user trust.
Hadoop MapReduce [26, 27] is the de-facto large data processing framework for Big Data.
Pseudonymisation precluded the identification of individual patients and de facto means anonymous data ensuring data protection demands.
He said that 18 to 24 months was too long, and added that because of Google's dominant position, it would most likely set a de facto standard for data retention.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com