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This grouping together of gymnosperm species may have facilitated host jumps between these species [50], and their occurrence in harsh climates may have prevented interactions with cold-sensitive fungal species.
We detected some interesting examples of shared ecological traits that may have facilitated host shifts.
Interestingly, the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) protein UNC93b1 facilitated host survival independent of its known effects on endosomal TLR signalling.
It is mainly wind-pollinated, only shares butterflies as insect pollinators with S. lemmonii which could have facilitated host shift 2, but these two plant species have no current geographical overlap to our knowledge.
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Thus, the genetic changes that facilitated hosts to adapt to the new niches predominated by angiosperm would be fixed in the ancient Lepidopteran lineages.
It also needs an infrastructure to flourish and survive, not least local organisations or groups able to facilitate, host or support pro bono volunteers".
This response could facilitate host defense or exacerbate inflammatory disease.
Fast-degrading porogens were incorporated to impart a macroporous architecture that facilitates host cell invasion.
Adhesins are known to facilitate host colonization by mediating the first and crucial interaction with host tissue [10].
We conclude that in L. donovani loss of the normal asymmetric lipid distribution does not facilitate host cell invasion.
Salmonella uses these type three secretion systems (T3SS) to deliver effectors into host cells thereby facilitating host invasion and intracellular survival [27], [28], [42].
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